Autumn in Japan is a time of golden beauty and crisp transformation. As summer’s heat fades, the air turns cool and refreshing, and the country becomes a painter’s palette of fiery reds, deep oranges, and glowing yellows. You’ll experience cooler weather and vibrant foliage on display from September to November, making autumn one of the best times to visit Japan.
This guide brings together all the essentials for planning your autumn escape, from what to wear and where to go to the sights, festivals, and flavors that bring Japan’s fall to life, so you can vibrantly celebrate the changing leaves.
Autumn Temperatures by Region
As with spring and summer, autumn temperatures in Japan vary significantly by region. The season brings a gradual drop in temperature alongside dynamic weather shifts. September is often marked by heavy rainfall due to the lingering autumnal rain front and the occasional typhoon. As October arrives, high-pressure systems become more frequent, bringing clear skies, crisp air, and ideal travel conditions. By November, cold northwesterly winds increase, especially along the Sea of Japan coast, where precipitation, including early snowfall, becomes more common, while inland regions enjoy peak foliage under cool, dry conditions.
Timing and location matter when planning your trip. Whether you're chasing fall colors or strolling temple-lined streets, knowing the climate can help you pack smart and travel comfortably.
Northern Japan
Northern Japan sees the earliest arrival of autumn, with Hokkaido’s highlands like Daisetsuzan National Park displaying fall colors as early as mid-September. Average daytime highs in Sapporo fall from 22–24°C in September to 7–10°C by November. Nights are crisp, and early snow is possible in some mountain areas by late autumn. This region is ideal for outdoor adventures and early koyo (autumn leaf) viewing.
Eastern Japan
Eastern Japan begins autumn with lingering summer heat, especially in September. Tokyo typically sees highs of 27–29°C in early autumn, cooling to 15–18°C by November. Peak foliage in mountain areas like Karuizawa, Nikko, and Nagano occurs in late October, with Tokyo’s city parks changing color around mid to late November.
Western Japan
Autumn in Western Japan is characterized by mild daytime temperatures and low rainfall, making it a top season for travel. September starts warm with highs around 28–30°C, cooling to 15–17°C in November. Kyoto's famous foliage spots like Eikando, Tofukuji, and Arashiyama hit their peak from mid to late November, often accompanied by evening light-up events.
Southern Japan
Southern Japan sees a late and subtropical version of autumn. In Okinawa, September often remains above 30°C, cooling only slightly to 23–25°C by November. Typhoons are possible until late September, but skies generally clear in October. While foliage is limited in Okinawa, Kyushu’s mountainous regions, including Mount Aso and Takachiho Gorge, display vivid colors by early to mid-November.
What to Wear in Autumn
Autumn in Japan is one of the most comfortable times to explore the country, with mild temperatures, low humidity, and beautiful fall scenery around every corner. But as inviting as the season is, weather conditions can vary significantly depending on the month and location. September can still feel warm and humid in the south, while November in the north might bring frost or even early snow. You might start your day in sunshine and end it in chilly mountain air. That’s why smart layering and flexible outfits are key to staying comfortable throughout the day.
Layering Basics
- Fabric Choice: Lightweight cotton or heat-retaining innerwear for early autumn, shifting to thicker knits or fleece by November. Breathable fabrics that can be layered help adjust to changing temperatures throughout the day.
- Fit: Regular or slightly loose-fitting clothing works best for layering—think turtlenecks, cardigans, and relaxed trousers.
- Color: Earth tones like browns, deep reds, or forest greens blend beautifully with the autumn landscape and are easy to match.
- Footwear: Comfortable shoes with good grip for walking on leaf-covered paths. Sneakers or ankle boots are popular choices, especially for temple visits and nature walks.
Essential Autumn Items
- Light Jacket or Windbreaker: A must for breezy afternoons or cooler mountain towns. Packable options work well for travelers on the move.
- Scarf or Shawl: Keeps you warm on chilly mornings and adds a stylish touch. Easy to remove or stow during warmer hours.
- Foldable Umbrella: Autumn is generally dry, but light rain or sudden drizzle, especially in September, can catch you off guard.
- Knit Hat or Beanie: Optional, but great for colder northern regions or late November trips.
- Gloves: Not necessary in early autumn, but helpful for travelers heading to Hokkaido or the mountains later in the season.
- Moisturizer and Lip Balm: The air gets drier as temperatures drop, especially in central and northern Japan.
- Face Mask or Pollen Filter: Some travelers may still need these, particularly in rural areas where burning leaves or dry winds are common.
Packing Tips
Stick to versatile pieces that can be mixed and matched, and choose fabrics that pack flat without wrinkling. If you’re heading to the mountains or northern regions like Tohoku or Hokkaido, bring at least one warm outer layer. For city stays in places like Tokyo, Osaka, or Kyoto, stylish but practical clothing works best, especially if you plan to walk or take public transportation. A small foldable bag or tote is useful for carrying layers you shed during the day. Finally, don’t forget a reusable water bottle to stay hydrated, especially when hiking or sightseeing for long hours.
Indoor Heating and Ventilation for Autumn
The heat and humidity of summer are replaced by cool mornings, crisp nights, and drier air in autumn. While early September may still feel warm, especially in southern regions, temperatures drop quickly in October and November, particularly in northern and mountain areas. It helps to know how to keep your space comfortable as the season changes, whether you’re staying in a city apartment, countryside ryokan, or a cozy Airbnb.
Heating with A/C Units: Most accommodations in Japan use wall-mounted air-conditioning units for both cooling and heating. If you’re unfamiliar with the controls, look for the “暖房” (danbou) mode, which switches the unit to heating. These work well for small to mid-sized rooms, but they can take a while to warm up, especially in older buildings.
Electric Blankets and Heated Bedding: Many Japanese homes use electric blankets or heated mattress pads, which are easy to find at stores like Nitori, Muji, and home centers. They’re energy-efficient and make a huge difference, especially in places without central heating.
Bedding for Cooler Nights: Duvets and blankets come out by October. If you’re staying in a furnished rental, check whether the bedding is season-appropriate. If not, layer up with fleece throws or a heavier comforter.
Humidifiers: As the weather cools and heaters kick in, indoor air tends to get drier, which can cause sore throats or dry skin, especially at night. A compact humidifier can make a big difference, and they’re inexpensive and widely available at electronics shops or drugstores. Some accommodations already include one, but if not, a simple USB model works well for your bedside or desk.
Transportation by Land and Air
Japan’s transportation network is efficient and incredibly well-connected, making it easy to explore the country during the autumn season. But while autumn usually brings stable weather and clear skies, it’s still a good idea to plan ahead during holiday periods or in mountainous regions where conditions can shift quickly. Here are a few tips to help you travel confidently across Japan this fall:
Be Aware of Autumn Holiday Crowds
While typhoons are rare after September, autumn does include a few peak travel times, particularly during Silver Week (mid-to-late September, depending on the year) and three-day weekends in October and November. Trains and accommodations can get crowded, especially near popular foliage spots like Kyoto, Nikko, and Takayama. Booking transportation and hotels in advance is highly recommended during these times.
Drive Carefully in Mountain Areas
If you’re planning a road trip through Nagano, Yamanashi, or the Japanese Alps, keep in mind that foggy mornings, wet roads, and early frost can affect driving conditions, especially from late October onward. Always drive carefully on mountain passes, and check local weather reports before setting out. Autumn foliage drives, like those through Hakone, Kamikochi, or Mount Aso, are beautiful but can attract heavy traffic on weekends and holidays.
Use the JR Pass for Scenic Flexibility
Autumn is one of the best seasons to make full use of the JR Pass. With fall colors peaking at different times depending on region and elevation, you can hop between destinations like Tohoku, Kyoto, and Kumamoto easily. Shinkansen and express trains offer panoramic countryside views and frequent departures, allowing flexibility if you want to shift plans based on the latest foliage forecast.
Check Regional Train & Bus Schedules in Advance
While public transport in cities runs frequently year-round, rural trains and buses may have limited schedules, especially outside peak leaf-viewing weekends. If you’re heading to less-accessible locations, like mountain villages, onsen (hot spring) towns, or seasonal hiking trails, be sure to check the latest timetables. In autumn, many local operators add special foliage-viewing buses or scenic trains, but these often require advance reservations.
Consider Taxis and Ride-Sharing for Last-Mile Access
Taxis remain a reliable option, especially for reaching remote trailheads, ryokans, or foliage spots that are far from train stations. In major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Fukuoka, ride-hailing apps like Uber can also be used, although fares may be higher than trains or buses. In more rural areas, taxis are often available at stations, but calling ahead or having your accommodation assist with booking is a smart move.
Autumn Festivals in Japan You Shouldn’t Miss
Autumn in Japan is festival season at its most elegant and atmospheric. Temples glow with lantern light, historical parades wind through ancient streets, and entire towns come together to celebrate local culture, legends, and seasonal traditions. From moon-viewing gatherings to firelit processions, these events offer an unforgettable way to experience Japan’s rich heritage firsthand. Here are some autumn festivals worth planning your trip around.
Kurama Fire Festival (Kyoto)
Held every year on the night of October 22 in the mountain village of Kurama, just north of Kyoto, the Kurama Fire Festival is one of the city’s most visually striking events. Locals, many dressed in traditional clothing or loincloths, carry huge flaming torches through the narrow streets, chanting and re-enacting ancient rituals said to welcome spirits from the mountains.
Pro Tip: Trains to Kurama get packed, and the streets fill up fast. Arrive early in the afternoon, wear sturdy shoes, and prepare for crowds, smoke, and a lot of walking uphill.
Fire Festival of Kurama Temple 2025
The Kurama Five Festival is one of the most spectacular events in Kyoto and takes place every year on the evening of October 22nd...
Takayama Autumn Festival (Gifu)
Held in early to mid-October, the Takayama Autumn Festival (Hachiman Matsuri) is known for its beautifully detailed yatai (festival floats) and ornate mechanical puppets. The town’s Edo-period (1603-1868) streets and the crisp mountain air make this one of Japan’s most picturesque seasonal events.
Pro Tip: Explore the old town during the day, then return in the evening for the nighttime float parade when the lanterns are lit. It’s cooler in the mountains, so bring a coat or heavy sweater.
Takayama Autumn Festival 2025
A lot of hard work goes into the Takayama Autumn Festival, from the costumes, to music, to choreography to the props. Grab your..
Asakusa Tori-no-Ichi Fair (Tokyo)
Held on select days in November at Otori Shrine and nearby Asakusa temples, the Tori-no-Ichi is a lively and atmospheric festival known for its colorful kumade (rake-shaped good luck charms). Visitors crowd the shrine to purchase decorated bamboo rakes, believed to “rake in” good fortune, business success, and prosperity. The night market buzzes with cheerful calls from sellers, clapping rhythms, and rows of lantern-lit stalls.
Pro Tip: Visit after sunset for the full festival ambiance. The atmosphere is electric, especially near the shrine’s main entrance. It’s also a great chance to see locals in kimono shopping for the upcoming new year.
Tori-no-Ichi 2025
The rooster is the tenth symbol in the Japanese zodiac. In Japanese it is often called tori, and it is associated with gain and..
Karatsu Kunchi (Kyushu)
Held annually from November 2 to 4, Karatsu Kunchi features 14 enormous hikiyama floats (traditional wheeled floats), some weighing over two tons and shaped like samurai helmets, dragons, or sea creatures. The streets of this seaside town come alive with chanting, traditional music, and food stalls.
Pro Tip: This festival is one of Kyushu’s hidden gems. Book accommodation early and spend the day exploring the coast before the evening procession.
Karatsu Kunchi Festival 2025
For over 400 years, this autumn festival has been held at Karatsu Shrine and is one of Kyushu's major festival attractions.
Nikko Toshogu Autumn Grand Festival (Tochigi)
Held annually on October 16 and 17, the Nikko Toshogu Autumn Grand Festival honors Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate, with two days of impressive ceremonies and traditional performances. Highlights include yabusame (horseback archery) and the Parade of 1,000 Samurai, where participants dressed in full armor march through Nikko’s cedar-lined paths in a grand reenactment of Edo-period processions.
Pro Tip: Arrive early for a good viewing spot along Omotesando in Nikko. Bring layers as it gets chilly in the Nikko mountains, especially in the morning.
Nikko Toshogu Shrine Autumn Grand Festival 2025
Nikko Toshogu Shrine's annual grand festival features the Yabusame tradition—horseback archery—and the Togyosai where port..
Autumn Activities in Japan You Should Try
There’s more to autumn in Japan than just colorful leaves—though they’re certainly a highlight. From misty mountain hikes to quiet temple onsens and lively street festivals, fall offers a chance to explore the country at a slower, more intentional pace. It's a season that invites you outdoors. Here are some of the best ways to experience Japan this autumn—beyond just admiring the view.
Leaf Viewing and Scenic Walks
One of the biggest draws of autumn in Japan is the tradition of admiring fall foliage. The combination of golden ginkgo leaves, fiery red maples, and crisp air makes these places worth the journey.
- Nikko, Tochigi: Home to some of the country’s earliest and most brilliant foliage, Nikko combines autumn color with sacred shrines and waterfalls.
- Kamikochi, Nagano: A highland valley offering scenic trails through forests and marshes, with peaks glowing in yellow and crimson by mid-October.
- Eikando Temple, Kyoto: Famous for its glowing maple trees and nighttime light-ups in late November.
- Minoo Park, Osaka: A peaceful trail just outside the city, ending at a waterfall framed by golden leaves.
- Mount Daisen, Tottori: A vibrant destination for hiking and nature photography in Western Japan.
- Lake Kinrin, Yufuin, Oita: A small but striking lake known for its morning mist and mirror-like reflections of red and gold foliage, set against the backdrop of Mount Yufu in this tranquil onsen town.
Onsen Retreats in the Mountains
Autumn is the perfect season to relax in an outdoor onsen surrounded by falling leaves. The warm water, cool air, and mountain silence create a uniquely peaceful escape.
- Ginzan Onsen, Yamagata: A picturesque riverside town where traditional ryokan inns glow beneath golden foliage.
- Kurokawa Onsen, Kumamoto: Tucked into the forested hills of Kyushu, this charming town is known for its rustic rotenburo (open-air baths).
- Nyuto Onsen, Akita: Located in the forests of Towada-Hachimantai National Park, this hidden gem offers milky thermal waters and a true off-grid experience.
- Hakone, Kanagawa: Easily accessible from Tokyo, Hakone blends art museums, lakeside views, and a variety of mountain onsens—ideal for a short autumn getaway.
- Unzen Onsen, Nagasaki: Set in a volcanic area with steam vents and sulfur springs, perfect after a hike through Unzen-Amakusa National Park.
Autumn Hiking and Nature Trails
With dry air and comfortable temperatures, autumn is prime time for hiking in Japan. From sacred pilgrimage routes to national parks, trails are lined with color and cultural significance.
- Kumano Kodo, Wakayama: Ancient pilgrimage paths winding through cedar forests, shrines, and rural hamlets.
- Mount Takao, Tokyo: A quick train ride from the city, this popular hike offers sweeping views of Tokyo and Mount Fuji on clear days.
- Oze National Park, Gunma/Niigata: Famous for its marshlands and golden grasses in autumn, with boardwalk trails perfect for casual hikers.
- Mount Mitake, Tokyo: Peaceful trails, shrines, and forest temples make this a great day trip from the capital.
- Daisetsuzan National Park, Hokkaido: The earliest foliage in Japan appears here in September—ideal for serious hikers and solitude seekers.
Food and Drinks to Keep You Warm
Autumn in Japan is also one of the best times to enjoy the country’s seasonal food culture. As the air turns crisp and harvest season begins, markets and restaurants fill with hearty, comforting dishes made to warm you from the inside out. Here are some must-try autumn specialties you can find across the country:
- Nabe (Hot Pot): A staple of colder seasons, nabe becomes popular again in autumn. This hot pot dish features vegetables, mushrooms, tofu, and thinly sliced meat simmered in broth. Try regional varieties like soy milk nabe or miso-based nabe.
- Sanma (Grilled Pacific Saury): A symbol of Japanese autumn, sanma is best enjoyed salted and grilled whole, served with daikon radish and soy sauce. It’s a favorite at seasonal food stalls and izakaya.
- Yakiimo (Roasted Sweet Potatoes): A beloved street snack in fall, these sweet potatoes are slow-roasted until soft and caramelized. Often sold from trucks or roadside stands, they’re best eaten hot with bare hands.
- Kuri Gohan (Chestnut Rice): A seasonal dish made by steaming rice with fresh chestnuts, often lightly seasoned with soy sauce or sake. It’s commonly found in bento boxes, countryside inns, and autumn food fairs.
- Zenzai (Sweet Red Bean Soup): This warm, sweet soup made with azuki beans and mochi is popular at traditional cafes and festivals in cooler months. It’s perfect for a relaxing mid-day break.
- Yudofu (Simmered Tofu): A Kyoto specialty, this simple dish consists of tofu simmered in kelp broth and served with dipping sauces. It’s especially satisfying in the cool mountain air of temple towns.
- Hiyaoroshi (Autumn Sake): Released in early autumn after maturing through the summer, hiyaoroshi sake is smooth and slightly mellow. It’s often served warm and pairs well with seasonal dishes.
- Taiyaki and Ningyo-yaki (Hot Sweet Cakes): These fish-shaped or doll-shaped cakes are filled with azuki bean paste, custard, or seasonal fillings like chestnut or sweet potato. They’re especially popular at autumn festivals and temple fairs.
Japan in autumn rewards you just as much when you take a side street instead of the main road, or stop into a tiny countryside shop to try one of the treats we’ve recommended in this guide. Remember that it’s the season of transitions, so it favors travelers who appreciate rhythm over rush—those willing to follow the natural pace of the country, whether that’s the slow climb to a temple or a quiet walk back to your accommodation after the lanterns go out.
